Consider Infrastructure
	Installing base stations isn't always practical: hostile environments very dense networks very large networks

A typical wireless network is comprised of wireless nodes and wired base stations. As I mentioned earlier, this forces all nodes to have sufficient transmit power to reach the base station. But a base station architecture has other problems as well.

Hostile Environments

It's not always practical to install wired base stations, due to environmental or even political considerations. A steel mill is one example of a hostile environment. A jungle controlled by a totalitarian government is another.

Very dense networks

It's hard to manage high density effectively with a base station architecture. If there are many nodes clustered around a base station, the base station becomes a bottleneck and network throughput drops.

Very large networks

Cell-splitting is the technique of installing more base stations and reducing the transmit power of all the nodes. This works to a point, but there's a central switch that manages communication between nodes and base stations. As the density grows and more base stations are added, the central switch becomes a bottleneck.